空气污染源(3)

Bonfires, garden incinerators and barbecues can be a significant local smoke and odour nuisance. Burning garden waste produces smoke, especially if it is damp and smouldering rather than dry and blazing. The smoke contains CO and other noxious and irritating compounds. Problems may be caused for asthmatics, bronchitis sufferers or those with heart conditions. Even if the immediate health risk is small, bonfires add to the general background level of air pollution.
篝火、花园里的焚化炉和户外烧烤都有可能产生大量烟雾和难闻的味道。燃烧花园中的废弃物时会产生烟雾，特别是废弃物潮湿时，燃烧产生的烟雾要比干燥时产生的烟雾多。烟雾中还有一氧化碳和其他有毒、刺激性化合物。这些污染对有哮喘、支气管炎以及心脏疾病的人来说会造成不良后果。即使在短时间内没有很大的健康风险，篝火产生的污染也会增加大环境下的空气污染程度。
5. Agriculture
农业污染
Agricultural practices can also be a significant source of nuisance, contributing both to local levels of air pollution and causing odour problems. The main sources of pollution are the burning of agricultural waste, or of crops in the field and large intensive livestock units. Depending on soil type and fertilisation, the nitrogen in the dung and urine of grazing cattle contributes 20-40% of nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural land; methane is also emitted by cattle and other ruminants; nitrous oxide and methane are of course both greenhouse gases.
农业活动也有可能成为讨厌的空气污染源，即会增加当地的空气污染程度，也会产生难闻的气味。农业污染最主要的的源头是焚烧农业废弃物、农田中的农作物，大量的牲畜也是一大农业污染源。牛的粪便和尿液是农业一氧化二氮排放的原因之一，根据土壤类型和土壤肥沃程度不同，其排放的一氧化二氮的比例会占到总量的20-40%左右。牛和其他反刍动物还会排放加完，而一氧化二氮和甲烷都是温室气体。
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